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Showing posts with label GBP/USD. Show all posts
Showing posts with label GBP/USD. Show all posts

Saturday, 8 February 2014

Tactical trading consideration in GBP/USD and USD/CHF

The routine short-term volatility of cable and Swissy suggest several important tactical trading refinements. The overarching idea here is to adjust your trading strategies to weather the erratic price action and higher overall volatility in these pairs in comparison to the larger EUR/USD.

lt may help to think of sailing a boat on a lake. When the wind is calm, you need to ighten up the sails to catch all the wind you can. But when the wind starts gusting, you need to let out some slack on the sails or you’re liable to get blown over. The same is true when trading cable and Swissy.

Reducing position size relative to margin

This first consideration is especially important in cable, due to its high relative value to the USD. With GBP/USD trading around 1.90 to the dollar ($1 = $1.90) a one-lot position (£100,000) eats up $1,900 in required margin at 100:1 leverage. A similar-size position in EUR,/USD (at 1.30) takes up only $130,000 and costs $1,300 in margin. If you’re going to trade in cable, you’ll need more margin than if you stayed with EUR/USD, USD/JPY, or Swissy.

Cable and Swissy’s higher volatility also argue for overall smaller position sizes. A smaller position will allow you to better withstand their short-term volatility and give you greater staying power relative to margin. If you’re willing to risk $500 in capital on a particular trade, that equates to 50 pips in EUR/USD and GBP/USD. But the chances of an adverse move of 50 pips in GBP/USD are far greater (routine, actually) than a 50-pip move in E.UR/USD.

Allowing a greater margin of error on technical breaks

If you’re basing your trades on technical levels of support and resistance, you need to anticipate that those levels will be tested at the minimum. In sterling and Swissy, tests of technical levels frequently result in false breaks as stops are triggered. If your stop loss is too close to the technical level, it's ripe for the picking by the market. Factoring in a margin of error when placing stop-loss orders can help - allow you to withstand any short-term false break. Using a margin of error may also require you to reduce your position size to give you greater flexibility and margin staying-power.

Anticipating overshoots and false breaks for position entry

When you’re looking to enter a position by selling on rallies or buying on dips, you’re probably focused on selling at resistance and buying on support. You can take advantage of cable and Swissy’s tendency to overshoot or make false breaks of technical levels by placing your limit order behind the technical level (above resistance, below support). If cable and Swissy break through the level, you’d be able to enter at a better price than you would have if you’d adhered to the technical level alone.

Alternatively, you can enter a portion of your desired position at the technical level and enter the rest at better prices if the level is breached, improving the average rate of your position. Worst-case scenario, the market only fills you for half of your desired position and then reverses. Best-case scenario, you establish your full desired position-at a-better rate than you expected and the market reverses. If the market keeps going against you, at least your average position rate is better than it otherwise would have been.

Being quick on the trigger

Cable and Swissy tend to move very quickly and may not spend a lot of time around key price levels. This favors traders who are decisive and quick on the trigger in terms of entering and exiting positions. Having a disciplined trading plan in place before you enter the market helps. Above all, avoid being distracted from your plan by the sharper price movements.

Another way you can take advantage of the short-term volatility of cable and Swissy is by using resting orders to get in and out. You may not be in front of your trading screen, or your click-and-deal trade may not have made it through on a rapid price fluctuation. A standing limit order will accomplish the same trade - only automatically and instantly if the price deals. Trailing stops are especially useful when you have a position that‘s moving the right way.

Resisting the contrarian urge following large directional moves

After an extended directional price move, many traders may feel inclined to trade in the opposite direction, if only for a short-term correction. Maybe you missed -the big move and think it’s ripe for a pullback. Or maybe it looks like the move has gone too far, too fast. Resist that urge in cable and Swissy.

On days with large directional price moves of more than 100 pips, cable and Swissy often finish out the trading day at the extremes of the price move (meaning at the highs on an up-move and at the lows on a decline). So even if you sell the high of a move up, you’re unlikely to get any joy on the day.

Picking your spots wisely

Instead of simply jumping into sterling or Swissy, the way you may in EUR/USD, you’re going to need to do a fair amount of watching and studying to get a handle on where appropriate entry points may be. Short-term volatility in cable and Swissy make for treacherous short-term trading conditions. You’ll greatly improve your chances of catching a favorable move if you step back and look at the medium and longer-term pictures (four-hour and daily) instead of getting caught up in the short-term volatility.

Friday, 7 February 2014

Price action behavior of GBP/USD and USD CHF

I group these two currency pairs together because they share similar market liquidity and trading interest, which are the main drivers of price action. The more liquid a market is, the more smoothly prices will move; the thinner the market, the more erratically prices will move. In both pairs, liquidity and market interest tend to be the thinnest among the majors, especially outside of European trading hours. As a result, both pairs typically trade with wider 3 to 5 pip prices relative to narrower spreads in EUR/USD and USD/JPY.

The most important trading characteristics of sterling and Swissy are as follows:

  • Price action tends to be jumpy, even in normal market. Cable and Swissy are like long-tailed cats in a room full of rocking chairs - extremely nervous. In a relatively calm market, you can see prices in these two pairs jump around by routine 2 to 3 pip increments (say, from 20/25 to 22/27 or 23/28, back to 21/26, and then 24/29)

When prices are moving in response to news or data, those price jumps can be even more pronounced, frequently changing by 3 to 5 pips between prices. Online traders are also likely to get more “rates changed” responses when trying to deal on the current market price. That response means the price changed by the time your trade request was received and the attempted trade was not completed. The subsequent price may be 2 to 3 pips higher or lower than where you first tried to deal.

  • Price action tends to see one-way traffic in highly directional markets. When news or data move the market, the price changes in Swissy and cable are apt to be the most abrupt. If a data report sends EUR/USD higher by a quick 20 to 30 pips, cable and Swissy are likely to see prices move by 30 to 40 pips or more. On top of that, cable and Swiss will remain highly directional and tend to see minimal pullbacks or backing and filling.
  • Look at cable and Swissy as leading indicators for EUR/USD. One of the ways that experienced traders judge the level of buying or selling interest, how bid or offered a market is, during a directional move is by looking at how cable and Swissy are trading. For example, if bids in USD/CHF keep appearing in a relatively orderly fashion, say every 1 to 2 pips on a downswing, it’s a sign that the move is not especially extreme. On the other hand, ft the prices are dropping by larger increments and displaying very few bounces, it’s a strong indication that a larger move is unfolding.
  • False breaks of technical levels occur frequently. Cable and Swissy also have a nasty habit of breaking beyond technical support and resistance levels, only to reverse-course and then trade in the opposite direction. And we’re not talking about just a few points beyond the level here, but more like 25 to 30 pips in many cases. The frequency of false breaks is a result of the relatively lower level of liquidity and market interest in these pairs. Instead of having a selling order at technical resistance, which you may reasonably expect in EUR/USD or USD/JPY, there may only be a stop-loss buying order beyond the resistance in cable and Swissy.

  • Spike reversals are very common. The tendency of cable and Swissy to overshoot in extreme directional moves and to generate false breaks of technical levels means that spike reversals appear frequently on short term charts. Though the size of the spikes will vary depending on the market circumstances and current events, spike reversals of more than 30 to 40 points on an hourly closing basis should alert you to a potentially larger reversal taking place. The bigger the spike reversal (and it’s not uncommon to see 50 to 70 pip spikes in cable and Swissy), the more significance it holds for the future direction. 

Thursday, 6 February 2014

The Other Majors: Sterling and Swiss

The other two major currency pairs are GBP/USD (affectionately known as sterling or cable) and USD/CHF (called Swissy by market traders). These two are counted as major currency pairs but their trading volume and liquidity are significantly less than EUR/USD or USD/JPY. As a result, their trading characteristics are very similar to each other. We will look at their individual trading fundamentals separately and then discuss their trading behavior and tactical trading considerations together.

The British pound: GBP/USD

Trading in cable presents its own set of challenges, because the pair is prone to sharp price movements and seemingly chaotic price action. But it’s exactly this type of price behavior that keeps the speculators coming back - when you’re right, you’ll know very quickly, and the short-term results can be significant.

Trading fundamental of GBP/USD

The UK economy is the second largest national economy in Europe, after Germany, and the pound is heavily influenced by cross-border trade and mergers and acquisitions (M&A) activity between the United Kingdom and continental Europe. Upwards of two-thirds of UK foreign trade is conducted with EU member states, making the EUR/GBP cross one of the most important trade-driven cross rates.

The 2004 BIS survey of foreign exchange turnover showed that GBP/USD accounted for 14 percent of global daily trading volume, making cable the third most active pairing in the majors. But you may not believe that when you start trading cable, where liquidity seems always to be at a premium. Relatively lower liquidity is most evident in the larger bid-offer spread, which is usually 3 to 5 pips compared to 2 to 4 pips in EUR/USD and USD/JPY.

Trading sterling by the numbers

GBP/USD is quoted in terms of the number of dollars it takes to buy a pound, so a rate of 1.8515 means it costs $1.8515 to buy £1. The GBP is the primary currency in the pair and the USD is the secondary currency. That means

  • GBP/USD is traded in amounts denominated in GBP. In online currency trading platforms, standard lot sizes are £100,000, and mini lot sizes are £10,000.
  •  The pip value, or minimum price fluctuation, is denominated in USD.
  • Profit and loss accrue in USD. For one standard lot position size, each pip is worth $10; for one mini lot position, size, each pip is worth $1.
  • Margin calculations are typically calculated in USD in online trading platforms. Because of its high relative value to the USD, trading in GBP pairs requires the greatest amount of margin on a per-lot basis. At a GBP/USD rate of 1.9000, to trade a one-lot position worth £100,000, it’ll take $1,900 in available margin (based on 100:1 leverage). That calculation will change over time, of course, based on the level of the GBP/USD exchange rate. A higher GBP/USD rate will require more USD in available margin collateral, and a lower GBP/USD rate will need less USD in margin.
Trading alongside EUR/USD, but with a lot more zip!

Cable is similar to the EUR/USD in that it trades inversely to the overall USD. But While EUR/USD frequently gets bogged down in tremendous two-way liquidity, cable exhibits much more abrupt volatility and more extreme overall price movements. If U.S. economic news disappoints, for instance, both sterling and EUR/USD will move higher. But if EUR/USD sees a 60-point rally on the day, cable may see a 100+ point rally.

This goes back to liquidity and a generally lower level of market interest in cable. In terms of daily global trading sessions, cable volume is at its peak during the UK/European trading day, but that level of liquidity shrinks considerably in the New York afternoon and Asian trading sessions. During those off-peak times, cable can see significant short-term price moves simply on the basis of position-adjustments (for example, shorts getting squeezed out).

Another important difference between cable and EUR/USD comes in their different reactions to domestic economic/news developments. Cable tends to display more explosive reactions to unexpected UK news/data than EUR/USD does to similar Eurozone news/data. For example, if better than expected Eurozone data comes out, EUR/USD may only politely acknowledge the data and move marginally higher. But if surprisingly strong UK data is reported, GBP/USD can take off on a moonshot.

Important UK data reports

Cable tends to react sharply to UK economic reports, especially when the data is in the opposite direction of expectations, or when the data is contrary to current monetary policy speculation. For example, if the market is expecting that the next rate move by the Bank of England (BOE) will be higher, and a monthly inflation report is released indicating a drop in price pressures, then GBP/USD is likely to drop quickly as interest rate bets are unwound.

Key UK data reports to watch for are
·      BOE Monetary Policy Committed (MPC) rate decisions, as well as speeches by MPC members and the BOE governor
·         BOE MPC minutes (released two weeks after each MPC meeting)
·         Inflation gauges, such as CPI, PPI, and the British Retailers Consortium  (BRC) shop price index
·         Retail sales and the BRC retail sales monitor
·         Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) house price balance
·         Industrial and manufacturing production
·         Trade balance
·         GFK (a private market research firm) UK consumer confidence survey
 

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